A nephrologist is a doctor specialized in kidney care, trained to manage complex kidney-related diseases, prescribe dialysis, and monitor kidney transplant patients. 🧪 Tests Often Used in Nephrology: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) Serum creatinine Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) Urinalysis Kidney biopsy Imaging (ultrasound, CT of kidneys) Nephrology is the branch of internal medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of kidney-related diseases. It covers a wide range of conditions, including: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) Acute kidney injury (AKI) Glomerulonephritis Nephrotic and nephritic syndromes Kidney stones Hypertension related to kidney dysfunction Dialysis and kidney transplantation Nephrologists often manage patients with electrolyte imbalances, fluid disorders, and systemic diseases that affect the kidneys, such as diabetes or lupus.